Regarding compositional works...
3 point lighting, side lighting, diffuse lighting, grotesque and various other forms of compositional lighting when regarding cast shadows.
Don't forget to add shading to the object, sounds obvious but I have seen the odd chop without it.
Diffuse lighting in photogrpahy is lighting which has been put through a diffuser or bounced of a wall to create a softened effect. It doesn't cast a well defined shadow and is likly to be used to neutralise shadows as well as highlight areas in shade. Usually its the light which is refered to as the "fill". Diffuse lighting casts a shadow which is best described as a faint shadow with blurred edges
Focused lighting or a key light creates a well defined shadow this light source can be the sun or a light. Usually you would use this kind of lighting to create a constrast between light and dark. This light adds depth (depending on its location to the camera) If the light is directly frontal it will remove depth (like a camera flash).
Backlighting, this kind of lighting is used to cast the subject as a silhouette. A lot of artists use backlight scenes (for example a moon) and have all the subjects frontally light by the moons hue. Also the backlight produces a 3D subject when used in 3 point lighting.
Mistake!!! Frontally lighting a backlight scene. This shamfully common mistake often is over looked but you can really tell who the pros are when the scene is light convincingly.
As you can see the moon is in the background but the subject is light quite clearly from multiple points.
1: from above as indicated by his chin.
2: From the back as indicated by the big moon.
3: From the Left at the front as indicated by the scythe and dantes trousers
4: From the Left again but at a different angle as there is no shadow on the scythe
5: From the right as the shadow from his jacket indicates
Nice frame shame the lighting comes from everywhere, contradicting itself.
Ya get the idea.
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